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Comparing Galen with Maimonides, the famous Arabic poet and physician Alsaid Ibn Sina Almulk wrote: “Galen’s art heals only the body, but Maimonides’ skill heals the body and soul. 2, 3 He carefully examined the medical practice of the people among whom he lived and synthesized a unique practice of medicine that combined what his observations indicated were best for all humanity. A consummate researcher and physician, Maimonides was highly trained and knowledgeable of the writings of Galen, Hippocrates, and Aristotle, the medical writings of ancient Egyptian scholars, and he often quoted the writings of Spanish-Moslem Arabic physicians. As a rabbi, he was fully conversant with the Hebrew scriptures and all the Talmudic writings. In his lifetime he lived in Cordoba, Spain Fez, Morocco Acco, Israel Alexandria and Fustat (Old Cairo), Egypt and he visited numerous countries in between. This began a lifetime of exile in which he became established in different nations, only to have to move yet again. At the age of 10, Maimonides personally experienced expulsion from Cordoba for being a Jew.

Although Maimonides only devoted time to medical writing during the last two decades of his life, he impacted the philosophy and medical practice of both the European and Arab cultures of his time.Ī brief overview of his background is critical to understanding the depth and breadth of his medical knowledge and its impact on medicine in his time. In addition, he was a pre-eminent physician and would eventually become the personal physician to the son of Saladin, al-Malik al-Afdal, the Sultan of Cairo. 1 Maimonides was the spiritual leader of the Jewish people of his time, and his Halachic works and recommendations have become integral to modern-day Judaism. Rabbi Moses Maimonides, the Rambam, was born in Cordoba, Spain on March 30th, 1135. Most of Maimonides’ medical recommendations remain relevant more than 800 years later. Both marked similarities and contrasts were noted between Maimonides’ and modern recommendations. To this end, Maimonides’ recommendations were compared to the modern guidelines of the United States, the Netherlands, and the World Health Organization (WHO), as well as to the Mediterranean diet, which is popular worldwide. The aim of this paper is to assess Maimonides’ health regimen and to compare his dietary recommendations with contemporary dietary regimens. In addition to his monumental work on Jewish law and ethics, his writings on medicine have been considered classics over the generations. In addition, he was a court physician to the Egyptian Sultan. Rabbi Moses Ben Maimon, known as Maimonides, or The “Rambam” (a Hebrew acronym for his name), was one of the greatest arbiters of all times on matters of Jewish law, one of the greatest philosophers of the Middle Ages, a scientist, and a researcher.